- “The O Complex”: fall, confusion, incontinence, iatrogenic disorders, impaired homeostasis
- “The Big Three”: intelectual failure, instability, incontinence
- “The 14 I”: immobility (imobilisasi/keadaan kurang bergerak, tirah baring lama), instability (gangguan keseimbangan), incontinence (inkontinensia urin/keluarnya urin tidak terkendali), isolation (depresi), immunodeficiency (penurunan imunitas), infection (infeksi), inanition (kurang gizi), intellectual impairement (gangguan intelektual seperti demensia dan delirium), impaction (konstipasi), insomnia (gangguan tidur), impotence (impotensi), iatrogenic disorder (gangguan iatrogenic) dan impairement of hearing, vision and smell (gangguan pendengaran, penglihatan dan penciuman) serta impecunity (tidak bekerja).







(1) Berbaringlah, tarik napas dan buang napas sambil mengencangkan perineum seolah-olah sedang menahan buang air kecil. (2) Latihan menghirup dan menghembuskan napas sambil mengencangkan perineum dan mengangkat pantat dari lantai. (3) Sambil duduk di kursi atau bola, dengan punggung lurus dan kaki diistirahatkan, tarik napas dan buang napas sambil mengencangkan perineum seolah-olah menahan buang air kecil. (4) Sembari berdiri sambil memegang kursi atau meja, lakukan latihan kontraksi perineum yang sama.
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Kementerian Pendidikan dan Profesi
Aurora Rezki Amelia Prasad (Universitas Binawan)
Khumairo Hardiyanti Rukmana (Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)